**羅技木星軌跡球**具有四個按鍵，且是對稱的，因而不論左右手都適合使用。[Picture](http://www.logitech.com/assets/21083/21083.png)缺點是不具滾輪功能，但可以設定來啟用此功能。 ## Contents * [1 安裝](#.E5.AE.89.E8.A3.9D) * [2 基本功能](#.E5.9F.BA.E6.9C.AC.E5.8A.9F.E8.83.BD) * [3 配置](#.E9.85.8D.E7.BD.AE) * [3.1 按鍵與軌跡球](#.E6.8C.89.E9.8D.B5.E8.88.87.E8.BB.8C.E8.B7.A1.E7.90.83) * [3.1.1 指定按鍵](#.E6.8C.87.E5.AE.9A.E6.8C.89.E9.8D.B5) * [3.1.2 雙擊大按鍵](#.E9.9B.99.E6.93.8A.E5.A4.A7.E6.8C.89.E9.8D.B5) * [3.1.3 滾輪修正鍵](#.E6.BB.BE.E8.BC.AA.E4.BF.AE.E6.AD.A3.E9.8D.B5) * [3.2 左撇子或右撇子](#.E5.B7.A6.E6.92.87.E5.AD.90.E6.88.96.E5.8F.B3.E6.92.87.E5.AD.90) * [3.3 System-wide or per-user](#System-wide_or_per-user) * [3.4 Xorg input hotplugging](#Xorg_input_hotplugging) * [3.5 Without Xorg hotplugging](#Without_Xorg_hotplugging) * [4 Sample configuration](#Sample_configuration) * [4.1 Configuration file](#Configuration_file) * [4.2 Restarting X](#Restarting_X) * [5 Minimal configuration](#Minimal_configuration) * [5.1 Using evdev](#Using_evdev) * [5.2 Using libinput](#Using_libinput) * [6 Additional tweaks](#Additional_tweaks) * [6.1 Console (gpm)](#Console_.28gpm.29) * [6.2 Chromium browser](#Chromium_browser) * [6.3 Firefox browser](#Firefox_browser) * [7 See also](#See_also) ## 安裝 無缺額外驅動程式。在系統啟動或在已開啟系統中連接時，即可偵測到羅技木星。羅技木星雖然可以當作一般滑鼠來使用，不進行設定，然而你可能想要啟用滾輪功能或客制化按鍵。 ## 基本功能 無論何種硬體設定，木星的硬體ID固定的。 當沒有額外設定時，按鈕會為下列功能： | ID | 硬體動作 | 結果 | | 1 | 左大按鍵 | 左鍵 | | 2 | 雙擊（大按鍵） | 中鍵 † | | 3 | 右大按鍵 | 右鍵 | | 4 | 「無」 | - | | 5 | 「無」 | - | | 6 | 「無」 | - | | 7 | 「無」 | - | | 8 | 左小按鍵 | 上一頁 | | 9 | 右小按鍵 | 下一頁 | **Note:** * 大按鍵雙產生「中鍵」 * † 同時按壓按鍵需要 `Emulate3buttons`. * 本文中「中鍵」、「滾輪鍵」同意義。 * 「選擇鍵」、「右鍵」同義，一般用於彈出選單。 * 以上結果，不按壓修正鍵（modifier key） * 若按壓修正鍵結果可能不相同 | ID | 硬體動作 | 結果 | | 4 | 球體向下 | 鼠標向下 | | 5 | 球體向上 | 鼠標向上 | | 6 | 球體向左 | 鼠標向左 | | 7 | 球體向右 | 鼠標向右 | **Note:** * 不使用修正鍵時，鼠標移動。 * 使用修正鍵時，結果可能不盡相同。 * 「修正鍵」可以是一個鍵盤按鍵（如：Ctrl）或是木星上的按鍵。 **Note:** 當**[scroll mod­ifier](#Scroll_modifier)**按壓同時滾動軌跡球，便可將軌跡球當滾輪使用。你必需到少配置**[minimal configuration](#Minimal_configuration)**來啟用這個功能。 在「滾輪模式」使用軌跡球時，也可使用一些滑鼠手勢的功能，例如，在同時按壓Ctrl鍵跟滾動滾輪可以縮放瀏覽器中的字體。使用軌跡球時，則需同時按壓Ctrl與「滾輪模式按壓鍵」來觸發功能。 ## 配置 你可以參考及嘗試這個 [簡易配置](#Sample_configuration)。 這個配置含有一些資訊，大部份的Arch使用者使用的現行X server的配置是需要udev熱插拔。 **Note:** 可參考May 2012五月的這篇[Gnome 3 and middle click emulation](http://who-t.blogspot.com.au/2011/04/gnome-30-middle-mouse-button-emulation.html). See [#"Both-large-buttons" combination-click](#.22Both-large-buttons.22_combination-click) 可在Ubuntu 12.04 的Gnome 3環境下使用。 ### 按鍵與軌跡球 ``` [簡單配置](#Configuration_file)依照你的喜好修改後，放置在正確位置即可使用。 ``` #### 指定按鍵 藉由設定參數，你可以指定功能給不同按鍵。 按鍵的值可以修改為1、2、3、8、及9（2是雙擊兩個大按鍵），但不要調整成4、5、6、或7。 ``` # 此行是不同的按鈕配置 Option "ButtonMapping" "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9" ``` 左手使用需要使用不同的按鈕動作。 ``` # 此行是左手使用都的按鈕配置（僅按鍵左右交換） Option "ButtonMapping" "3 2 1 4 5 6 7 8 9" ``` 對小按鈕，不喜歡「原始」配置可以修改按鍵的值 這一行修改按鈕2成「上一頁」。參數2（雙擊大按鈕）的值修改9，改成「上一頁」。此行也將參數8、9的值都改為2，使兩個小按鈕都各別修改成「中鍵」。 ``` # 這是給右手使用者的，修改了三個按鈕 Option "ButtonMapping" "1 9 3 4 5 6 7 2 2" ``` 參數按順序排列，參數1、2、3、8、9可修改，但軌跡的移動的參數4、5、6、7 不要修改。 #### 雙擊大按鍵 如前述，參數2是表示兩個大按鍵同時按下。 經試驗，在缺少設定的情形下，會產生不可確定的結果， 而非預期的「中鍵」。然而，若要雙擊能正確使用，你需要啟用「相黏鍵」功能： ``` # Emulate3Buttons 係指同時按下按鍵A與D # 同時按可以模擬「中鍵」或「滾輪鍵」 Option "Emulate3Buttons" "true" ``` 可以使用預設2（滾輪鍵），請參[minimal configuration](#Minimal_configuration)。 在2012五月些文章[Gnome 3 and middle click emulation](http://who-t.blogspot.com.au/2011/04/gnome-30-middle-mouse-button-emulation.html)顯示，在ubuntu 12.04 Gnome 3的環境下，預設值會變成 「false」而成為「中鍵」，原因是Gnome在Xorg進行設定（即Gnome的設定覆蓋了Xorg的設定），使的模擬被取消了。可由以下令命修正Gnome的行為： ``` gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true ``` 每個使用者僅需下一次令命即可，Gnome會記得這個設定。如果你感興趣可以參考 [launchpad bug](https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xserver-xorg-input-evdev/+bug/874237/comments/13)。 #### 滾輪修正鍵 羅技木星軌跡球的一個嚴重缺點是沒有滾輪或是滾輪環，但可以藉由設定「滾輪修正鍵」來克服這個問題，即按下一個按鈕，使得軌跡球的滾動變成滾輪。雖然，預設已有提供滾輪修正鍵的功能(參 [基本功能](#Basic_function))，但滾動修正鍵並沒有被啟用。若要啟用，必需設定給不同的按鍵。 **Note:** 除了滾動功能外，滾輪鍵還有「點」的功能。滾輪修正鍵的「長壓」與「點」的功能是分開的，較佳可將兩個小按鍵之一設定成滾輪修正鍵。 原本小按鍵的預設功能也不甚方便，我建議你重新設定它們。 小按鍵的原設定是滾動修正鍵，但同時該小按鍵的「點」的預設功能是「上一頁」，根據多年的使用經驗，建議設成「中鍵」。 撇開關於小按鍵的抱怨不談，你可以如下設定「滾輪修正鍵」 ``` Option "EmulateWheel" "true" Option "EmulateWheelButton" "8" # 按鍵8是左邊的小按鍵，適合右手使用者。 # 按鍵9是右邊的小按鍵，適合左手使用者。 # 按鍵2不可設定成「滾輪修正鍵」（又稱做"EmulateWheelButton"） ``` **取消水平捲動** 你可以取消下行的註解，來取消水平捲動。 ``` # 井字號是註解 # Option "XAxisMapping" "6 7" ``` 雖然我使用兩個方向的捲動，但不少人認為單一方向的捲動比較好用。 也許你想嘗試取消垂直方向的捲動，但是類似設定是不能取消垂直方向捲動的。 ### 左撇子或右撇子 前面章節已經說明如何設定給右手或左手使用的設置。 * 你可能經常的左右手交替使用 * 我會在我感到不適前交替 為了左右手交替，我會手動修改配置（加註一些內容）後[重啟X server](#Restarting_X)。你也可以依你需要自已寫一些Script自動化這些步驟。 * 在Arch Linux上，我建議使用輕量的**[Openbox](/index.php/Openbox "Openbox")**做視窗管理。 在其他的桌面環境中，可能有一些簡單（或複雜）的小工具做左右手交替的設定。例如，Ubuntu 10.10中，你可以點擊一個滑鼠控制的面版按鈕即進行交替。 ### System-wide or per-user **Note:** Section undergoing revision. Please jump to the sample configuration If you want the configuration to be system wide, you can add this line to the InputDevice-Section. ``` Option "ButtonMapping" "1 8 3 2 9" ``` For a per-user-configuration you need to put this in your ~/.Xmodmap ``` pointer = 1 8 3 4 5 6 7 2 9 10 11 12 13 ``` or this in your ~/.xinitrc. ``` xmodmap -e "pointer = 1 8 3 4 5 6 7 2 9 10 11 12 13" ``` ### Xorg input hotplugging **Note:** Section undergoing revision. Please jump to the sample configuration Two expositions help you configure a trackball with buttons for click, middle-click, right-click, and scrolling. The first exposition uses [Xorg Input Hotplugging](/index.php/Xorg#Input_devices "Xorg"); the second does not. Edit them to suit your preferences. Add this entry to your `/etc/X11/xorg.conf`: ``` Section "InputClass" Identifier "Logitech Trackball" MatchProduct "Trackball" Option "ButtonMapping" "1 8 3 4 5 6 7 2 9" Option "EmulateWheel" "True" Option "EmulateWheelButton" "9" Option "XAxisMapping" "6 7" EndSection ``` To learn more about the used parameters you should read the apropriate section in the evdev man page. ### Without Xorg hotplugging **Note:** Section undergoing revision. Please jump to the sample configuration The mouse device entry in `/etc/X11/xorg.conf` should look like this: ``` Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Mouse0" Driver "mouse" Option "CorePointer" Option "Device" "/dev/input/mice" Option "Protocol" "ExplorerPS/2" Option "Buttons" "9" Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5" Option "XAxisMapping" "6 7" Option "EmulateWheelButton" "9" Option "EmulateWheel" "true" EndSection ``` The `"Auto"` option for `"Protocol"` works fine, too. Of course you can use the name you prefer as the `Identifier`, as long as it is the same you use as `InputDevice` in the `Section "ServerLayout"` . ## Sample configuration The sample configuration modifies and extends the [basic function](#Basic_function) of the Marble Mouse. In this example, either of the two small buttons may be clicked to send a ***wheel-click***. Wheel-click means the same as "middle-click" here. In addition, one of the small buttons provides ***scrolling*** in conjunction with the trackball. Note that only *one* small button has the ability for scrolling, although both small buttons are able to *wheel-click.* Finally, clicking both large buttons simultaneously sends the ***browser back*** event. There is no button to send *browser forward*. | ID | Hardware Action | Result (this configuration) | New assignment | | 1 | Large button left | normal click | 1 | | 2 | Both large buttons | browser back | 8 | | 3 | Large button right | right-click | 3 | | 8 | Small button left † | wheel-click | 2 | | 9 | Small button right ‡ | wheel-click | 2 | **Note:** * Both large buttons pressed simultaneously results in *browser back*. * Either small button, when clicked, results in *middle-click*. * † This small button allows trackball scrolling when held down. It is the scroll modifier. * ‡ This button can be mapped for scrolling function instead. This button works better for left-side placement because it lies near the thumb of one's left-hand. Only one button can be assigned as the scroll modifier as far as I know. ### Configuration file The following lines are appended to **`/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-evdev.conf`** **Note:** *Users of other Linux distributions may find the configuration file in another location. Ubuntu uses /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-evdev.conf* This example is set up for right-hand placement with horizontal scrolling disabled. ``` # - - - Logitech Marble Mouse Settings - - - # # The Logitech Marble Mouse buttons are mapped [A-D] from left to right: # A (large); B (small) | C (small); D (large). # # Preferred options for right-handed usage: # A = normal click [1] # B = middle-click [2] # C = middle-click [2] # D = right-click [3] # Hold button B while rolling trackball to emulate wheel-scrolling. # # Preferred options for left-handed usage: # A = right-click [3] # B = middle-click [2] # C = middle-click [2] # D = normal click [1] # Hold button C while rolling trackball to emulate wheel-scrolling. # Pressing both large buttons simultaneously (b) produces a "back" action. Section "InputClass" Identifier "Marble Mouse" MatchProduct "Logitech USB Trackball" MatchIsPointer "on" MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*" Driver "evdev" # Physical button #s: A b D - - - - B C # Option "ButtonMapping" "1 8 3 4 5 6 7 2 2" right-hand placement # Option "ButtonMapping" "3 8 1 4 5 6 7 2 2" left-hand placement # b = A & D Option "ButtonMapping" "1 8 3 4 5 6 7 2 2" # EmulateWheel: Use Marble Mouse trackball as mouse wheel # Factory Default: 8; Use 9 for right side small button Option "EmulateWheel" "true" Option "EmulateWheelButton" "8" # EmulateWheelInertia: How far (in pixels) the pointer must move to # generate button press/release events in wheel emulation mode. # Factory Default: 50 Option "EmulateWheelInertia" "10" # Axis Mapping: Enable vertical [ZAxis] and horizontal [XAxis] scrolling Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5" # Option "XAxisMapping" "6 7" # Emulate3Buttons: Required to interpret simultaneous press of two large # buttons, A & D, as a seperate command, b. # Factory Default: true Option "Emulate3Buttons" "true" EndSection ``` ### Restarting X Changes made to xorg configuration files do not take effect until the X session is restarted. To restart the X session, simply log out from your window manager and log back in. Or, depending on what display manager you use, you can use one of the following commands: Default Ubuntu (with LightDM) : `sudo restart lightdm` Gnome (with GDM) : `sudo restart gdm` KDE (with KDM) : `sudo restart kdm` ## Minimal configuration ### Using evdev At times it can be useful to start with the absolute minimum and build from there. This is one facet of [The Arch Way](/index.php/The_Arch_Way "The Arch Way"). In this spirit, I decided to see how few lines I might use to create a usable Marble Mouse configuration. You can omit *all* configuration lines and the Marble Mouse is still usable for basic pointing and clicking. However, it will not be able to scroll. The "both-large-button" simultaneous click produces indeterminate results — experimentation shows this. Given that you are satisfied with [default button settings](#Basic_function) and you wish only to enable scrolling and the "both-large-button" click, you need these lines. The following lines are appended to **`/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-evdev.conf`**. ``` Section "InputClass" Identifier "Marble Mouse" MatchProduct "Logitech USB Trackball" Option "EmulateWheel" "true" Option "EmulateWheelButton" "8" Option "XAxisMapping" "6 7" Option "Emulate3Buttons" "true" EndSection ``` ### Using libinput As of version 3.16 GDM/Gnome uses libinput. For the device to work as described in the above section (note that wheel click emulation is not yet supported by libinput) you need to install [xf86-input-libinput](https://www.archlinux.org/packages/?name=xf86-input-libinput) and instead append this to `/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-libinput.conf`. `/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-libinput.conf` ``` Section "InputClass" Identifier "Marble Mouse" MatchProduct "Logitech USB Trackball" Driver "libinput" Option "ScrollMethod" "button" Option "ScrollButton" "8" EndSection ``` ## Additional tweaks ### Console (gpm) See [Console mouse support](/index.php/Console_mouse_support "Console mouse support") for details. Within the console you can use `gpm` with type option set to **imps2**. Edit **`/etc/conf.d/gpm`** such that: ``` GPM_ARGS="-m /dev/input/mice -t imps2" ``` This lets you use the large left button for selecting text and the right button to extend the selection. The small left button acts as a middle-click; it pastes the selection. ### Chromium browser By default, Chromium treats a middle-click as a *paste* command. This choice stems from "Linux tradition", not the capricious whim of one developer. Like myself, you may prefer a ***Windows*** approach. I want the middle button(s) to initiate *automatic scrolling,* not *pasting*: * A browser extension **AutoScroll** allows middle-click to initiate automatic scrolling. * This extension is helpful for any Linux user with a wheel mouse, not just Marble Mouse users. * A middle-click initiates automatic scrolling when clicked on a blank area of a web page. * When you program both small buttons to emit middle-click, either button can initiate automatic scrolling. That is a click function. * When you program one of the small buttons to act as scroll modifier (mouse setup), you can manually scroll web pages **without** fixing the browser. That is a press‑and‑hold function. (I recommend installing AutoScroll even though it is not absolutely necessary for scrolling.) * After you assign the scroll modifier to one of the small buttons, the small buttons act a bit differently from one another. The difference is seen when you compare their "press‑and‑hold" behaviors. Be sure to install ***AutoScroll***; the similarly-named *Auto Scroll* extension implements a different feature. This information also applies to the browser called **Google Chrome**. ### Firefox browser Older versions of Firefox map horizontal-scrolling hardware to perform ***browser back*** and ***browser forward*** navigation. This makes vertical scrolling using the trackball almost impossible. The slightest horizontal motion triggers a URL redirection. To fix this: * Enter `about:config` in the location bar * Find the internal variable named `mousewheel.horizscroll.withnokey.action`. Set its value to **0**. * It may be useful to set `mousewheel.horizscroll.withnokey.numlines` to **1** as well. ## See also * Arch wiki documentation: [All Mouse Buttons Working](/index.php/All_Mouse_Buttons_Working "All Mouse Buttons Working") * Arch wiki documentation: [Xorg#Configuration](/index.php/Xorg#Configuration "Xorg") * Marble mouse scroll wheel: [Replacement for SetPoint driver](http://simans.net/marble/) * Joe Shaw blog post: [Linux input ecosystem](http://joeshaw.org/2010/10/01/681/) * Ubuntu community: [Logitech Marble Mouse](https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Logitech_Marblemouse_USB) * Chrome web store: [AutoScroll extension](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/occjjkgifpmdgodlplnacmkejpdionan)